Gourds

These attractive decorative vegetables are grown from seed sown directly into the ground or large container. They need a long growing season to produce fruit which has a large range of color and shapes. A garden area of full sun with a rich soil and plenty of summer heat is needed.

The vines can grow up to 15 feet so in containers a trellis is needed. Pick off the male pollen-bearing flowers and sprinkle the yellow dust onto a female flower [which has a rounded base where the fruit will develop].

Harvest when full-sized and fall temps have set in. Dry in a cool dark spot with good air circulation. It may take as long as three months but they can be hanged and arranged in fall displays or in wreathes on a door.

Birdhouse Gourds

Q. I have planted bird house gourds this year and would like to know how to tell when they are ready to pick and dry. I live in Minnesota. Or do I just wait until the first frost?

A. These gourds are so fun to grow and use for our fine feathered friends! Please read this write-up:

Bottle gourds (Lagenaria siceraria) are easy to grow on fences or trellises and once dried they make an ideal home for purple martins swallows chickadees and wrens. Besides bringing beauty and interest to your home these birds will eat thousands of insects each day.  Although gourds can be grown in hills as you would grow squash and pumpkin gourds that are left lying on the ground will flatten on one side and may be susceptible to rot. If you prefer to grow them in hills try providing several inches of hay as a mulch to keep the gourds off the ground.

Bottle gourds will tolerate a light frost so allow them to dry on the vine as long as possible. Once harvested they will need a cool dry place to complete the drying process. They are completely dry when you can hear the seeds rattle inside when you shake them. This may take several months.

To fashion you birdhouse drill a hole 1 to 1-1/2 inches in diameter. Smaller holes will accommodate small birds such as wrens while a larger hole will allow larger birds such as martins to take up residence. You should also drill a few tiny holes in the bottom of the gourd for drainage. Drill two holes in the top and thread a cord through them. Now your birdhouse is ready to hang. It will last up to two years untreated or you can varnish the gourd for a longer lasting birdhouse.

Harvesting and Drying Gourds
Let your gourds ripen on the vines as long as possible. Wait until the stem turns brown but harvest before frost. The fruit bruises easily so handle it carefully. Cut the stems 2-3 inches above the fruit with a sharp knife and dry off any moisture. Most gourds will need some indoor drying time before they are ready to use. Wipe them down with a weak bleach solution and lay them out in a well-ventilated area to dry.

Gourds are completely dry when the seeds rattle around inside. Small gourds will dry in less than a month and large ones can take up to six months. If mold appears during the drying process scrape it off with a knife. Thin-shelled gourds dry best when hung in a mesh bag. Once the gourds are completely dry remove the thin outer shells with steel wool.

Now your gourds are ready to decorate. Use a wax or varnish for protection. Pick sponge gourds (luffas) when they are young and green for a soft sponge or wait until they are yellow or brown for a hard scratchy sponge. Soak them in water for a few days then peel off the skin. To remove the seeds cut off one end and shake them out.